When France fell to Nazi Germany in 1940, Morocco, then under French protectorate, came under the control of the collaborationist Vichy regime. Anti‑Jewish laws were imposed across French territories, stripping Jews of rights, jobs, and protections. Nazi officials pushed for Jewish populations in North Africa to be registered, segregated, and eventually deported. Morocco’s Jewish community, one of the oldest in the world, suddenly faced a terrifying and uncertain future.
Sultan Mohammed V, though limited by colonial rule, used every ounce of his authority to shield his Jewish subjects. When pressured to hand them over for relocation to Nazi camps, he refused outright, famously declaring, “There are no Jews in Morocco - only Moroccan subjects.” He insisted that Moroccan Jews would not be separated, marked, or treated differently, and he quietly resisted Vichy attempts to enforce harsher measures. His stance was both symbolic and practical: it signaled to local officials that persecution would not be tolerated.
Because of his resistance, and because the Nazis never fully controlled Morocco, not a single Moroccan Jew was deported or killed during the Holocaust. In a time when entire communities across Europe were being annihilated, Morocco became a rare refuge where Jewish life continued under the protection of a Muslim monarch. Today, Mohammed V is remembered with deep respect by Jewish communities worldwide for standing firm when it mattered most.
